We live in a world where families are linked 24/7 to technology as a means to connect them to news, TV shows, movies, as well as friends and other family members. Smartphones, tablets, and computers have become important tools for work and entertainment. Now we can watch a variety of programs at our fingertips via DVDs, YouTube, and streaming subscriptions. There are so many choices that it can be overwhelming. So, how do you decide what is the best way to use technology to aid your young child’s development?
There is not a one-size-fits-all approach. Parents must determine when and how to best introduce their child to the use of technology in a way that will complement their development instead of hindering it. The American Academy of Pediatrics has prepared a set of media guidelines to assist families in navigating the best way to use these digital devices.
The main recommendations are:
- Designate screen-free zones and screen-free times within your home.
- Limit screentime for children under 2 years old to video chat with a parent or adult.
- Select high-quality programming for 2-3 years old to watch with a parent and then reteach those key lessons. Limit screentime to no more than 1 hour per day.
- Choose technology that is interactive, nonviolent, educational, pro-social and promotes positive messages.
Why are there so many suggestions? Because children younger than two have a hard time understanding what they see on screen and how it relates to the world around them. If your children are under two years old, talking on camera via WhatsApp, Skype, Facetime or Zoom provides an age-appropriate way of engaging with people that are important to them. It’s also a great opportunity for your children to listen and observe how you interact with loved ones. Ensure that when chatting with Grandma or Uncle Tony they ask your children questions about their day, such as “What did you eat for lunch?”, “What did you discover during your walk at the park?”, and “What fun event did you do today?”
As children get older and they begin to understand more concepts about the world around them, families can introduce more educational programs. For example, watching an episode of Sesame Street can help toddlers learn social, language, and reading skills. Ensure that an adult is always present, providing hands-on engagement with what is happening on-screen. Ask questions to engage your children’s thinking skills, such as “What do you think will happen next?”, “What are the colors of the rainbow?” or “How many balloons does the girl have in her hand?” Use screen-time to teach your child emotional awareness by asking questions like “Why is Elmo happy?”, “Why is Big Bird sad?” and “How can you tell that Oscar is grouchy?”
You can also use sites like Common Sense Media to help you decide what movies, TV shows, apps, and video games are age and content appropriate for your children and your family values.
It’s also important to remember to balance screentime with other activities. By resisting the urge to use electronics as a source of entertainment or as a pacifier, you start teaching your child how to manage their relationship with technology. Set out times to disconnect from screens, especially during mealtimes, playtime and bedtime. Create opportunities for your children to learn through family conversations and play. Using technology with your child can build bonds, promote learning, and show your child that you care about what matters to them as you teach them what matters to your family.